Warmth:
A genuine interest in others as opposed to an interest in
oneself. Genuinely warm people are less likely to exhibit
aggressive behavior since their natural inclination is to
establish positive relationships with others.
Assertion:
People who are assertive are more willing to stand up for
their views and are not afraid to overtly deal with conflict.
This scale is a continuum that runs from passive (much lower
likelihood for overt violence) to aggressive (a creator of
conflict). Usually lower score are less prone to harassing
or violent behavior because they dislike conflict. However,
they are also subject to being harassed themselves, perhaps
leading to a build up of anger and a potential blow up.
Anger:
Anger is not good or bad since it depends on WHAT you do with
it. Some people handle it in a mature way and state they are
angry and want to resolve the problem. Other people just become
overtly angry, verbally abusive (yelling) or may show physical
activity (e.g., throwing things or kicking a chair). The point
is that greater feelings of anger lead to greater antagonism.
Suffocate:
When someone is stressed or frustrated they can become angry
(see below). Another defense is to suffocate their feeling
toward the person who has been offensive by buttering him
up and making sure that everything is okay. Hence, the natural
inclination is not to increase any overt hostility (actually
avoid overt displays of anger) but to mitigate bad feelings
and improve the relationship.
The goal of this assessment is to
identify where a person is along a continuum from
being too soft, giving, and warm to aggressive, easily
angered, and ultimately harassing or even prone to
violent behavior. Scales that only measure potential
harassment or violence (negative end) run a major
risk since they are looking for overt behavior that
most people do not like to admit or claim. Therefore,
if you can get a feel for where a person is located
along a scale from very meek to physically aggressive,
you have a better sense for the likelihood of socially
abusive or antagonistic behavior. Actually displaying
antagonistic behavior is multi-determined but it is
realistic to assume that people with higher scores
are more likely to exhibit overt abusive behavior.
Additionally, since claiming or admitting abusive
behavior is not socially desirable, an honesty scale
is included to pick up a bias where people may distort
the way they really are but claim the opposite.
NOTE:
The first two scales tend to show meekness, the next
two show a more assertive/aggressive stance and the
next two actually tap into the likelihood (or actual
claiming) of abusive behavior.
Harrassing:
when frustrated, did not get his/her way or is irritated
at others. Clearly, a person who readily admits this
behavior (or tendency toward) probably has a greater
likelihood of showing it in difficult/stressful situations.
Violence:
A highscore on this scale is an admission of tendencies
toward overt violent/physical behavior (e.g., grabbing
others) or stating that you either enjoy violence or
feel it is an appropriate method to deal with frustration.
Enjoying violence (e.g., action movies) may not indicate
that the person will actually use violence when dealing
with others. However, admitting the behavior and feeling
it is an appropriate way to deal with stressful relationships
certainly increases the odds of overtly violent displays.
Withholding:
This is really a Bias scale that measures a person's
tendency to give reasonable or realistic responses versus
some distorted (e.g., exaggeration or lying) response.
Low scores often suggest the person is exaggerating
the positive aspects (socially desirable) of their behavior.
Therefore they would be UNLIKLY to admit actual tendencies
toward abusive behavior. High scores indicate a self-critical
approach so the person may be too honest in admitting
abusive behavior. Hence, high/low scores cause one to
interpret the data either up or down.